Meet Phyllopteryx dewysea, or the ruby sea dragon.

For the first time, scientists have captured footage of a rare sea dragon ― a creature so otherworldly it appears not even the creative mind of Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling could have dreamed it up. 

First identified in 2015 from a handful of preserved and misidentified specimens, the ruby sea dragon is just the third sea dragon species to be discovered. Unlike its two closest relatives, the common and leafy sea dragon, the ruby is bright red in color and does not feature large camouflaging appendages.

In April, researchers from Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Western Australian Museum set out on a hunt to find this bizarre fish in the wild. They conducted their expedition in the Recherche Archipelago in Western Australia, the area where a male ruby sea dragon carrying offspring was caught in a trawl net in 2007. (At the time, that specimen was incorrectly identified as a common sea dragon.)

In a statement, Josefin Stiller, a graduate marine biology student at Scripps, called it an “amazing moment.”

“I fully expected that we knew all the sea dragon species that are out there,” she said in a YouTube video about the first-ever field sighting. “The discovery showed us that we can still find big, charismatic, bright red fish that no one has ever seen before.” 

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